Generic Metronidazole

Common use
Metronidazole is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication used to treat various infections caused by bacteria and parasites. It is commonly prescribed for infections of the gastrointestinal tract, reproductive system, skin, and respiratory tract. It is also effective against Trichomonas vaginalis, Giardia lamblia, and Clostridium difficile. Metronidazole does not treat viral infections like colds or flu.

Dosage and direction
Metronidazole is typically taken by mouth or administered intravenously, depending on the severity and type of infection. Dosage is based on medical condition, weight, and response to treatment. It should be taken exactly as prescribed and at evenly spaced intervals for best results. Continue the full course even if symptoms improve early.

Precautions
Before using metronidazole, inform your doctor if you have liver disease, blood disorders, or neurological conditions. Avoid alcohol during treatment and for at least 48 hours after the last dose, as it may cause severe reactions. Metronidazole can affect coordination, so use caution when driving or operating machinery. Periodic blood tests may be required during prolonged therapy.

Contraindications
Metronidazole is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to nitroimidazole derivatives. It should not be used during the first trimester of pregnancy unless absolutely necessary. Patients with active central nervous system disorders should avoid it unless benefits clearly outweigh the risks. Concurrent use with alcohol or disulfiram is also contraindicated.

Possible side effect
Common side effects include nausea, metallic taste, loss of appetite, and dizziness. Some patients may experience headache, abdominal cramps, or diarrhea. Serious but rare side effects include seizures, peripheral neuropathy, or severe allergic reactions. Contact your doctor if you experience numbness, tingling, or signs of an allergic response.

Drug interaction
Metronidazole may interact with blood thinners like warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. It can also affect levels of certain medications such as lithium or phenytoin. Combining it with alcohol can lead to nausea, flushing, and rapid heartbeat. Always inform your doctor about all other medications and supplements you are using.

Missed dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible unless it is almost time for the next one. Do not take two doses at once to make up for a missed dose. Skipping doses may reduce the effectiveness of treatment. Try to take it at the same time each day.

Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, lack of coordination, and seizures. In case of suspected overdose, seek immediate medical attention. Treatment is supportive and may involve monitoring of vital functions. There is no specific antidote for metronidazole overdose.

Storage
Store metronidazole tablets or capsules at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep the bottle tightly closed and out of reach of children. Do not use the medication after the expiration date. Follow local guidelines for proper disposal

Disclaimer

We provide only general information about medications which does not cover all directions, possible drug integrations, or precautions. Information at the site cannot be used for self-treatment and self-diagnosis. Any specific instructions for a particular patient should be agreed with your health care adviser or doctor in charge of the case. We disclaim reliability of this information and mistakes it could contain. We are not responsible for any direct, indirect, special or other indirect damage as a result of any use of the information on this site and also for consequences of self-treatment.

Clinical Verification

Last Clinically Updated: August 15, 2026

Written By

Dr. Elena Vance, PharmD

Clinical Specialist in Neuropharmacology

Fact Checked By

Marcus Thorne, MS

Biomedical Data & FDA Label Verification

Medically Reviewed By

Dr. Arthur Campbell, MD

Board-Certified Psychiatrist (ABPN)